The 2017–18 VfB Stuttgart season is the 125th season in the football club's history and 52nd overall season in the top flight of German football, the Bundesliga, having been promoted from the 2.

In addition to the domestic league, VfB Stuttgart also are participating in this season's edition of the domestic cup, the DFB-Pokal.

The season covers a period from 1 July 2017 to 30 June 2018.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply.

Players may hold more than one non-FIFA nationality.