The 2017 Western Illinois Leathernecks football team represented Western Illinois University in the 2017 NCAA Division I FCS football season.

They were led by second-year head coach Charlie Fisher and played their home games at Hanson Field.

They were a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference (MVFC).

They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs where they lost to Weber State in the first round.

On December 22, Fisher resigned to become the wide receivers coach at Arizona State.