[1] Forum for Democracy, which took part for the first time, became the largest party.

The Senate consists of 75 members elected every four years by the members of the States-Provincial of the country's twelve provinces, and, following a law change in 2017, electoral colleges representing the special municipalities of Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba,[5][6] who are in turn elected directly by the citizens two months earlier in the 2019 provincial and electoral college elections.

The seats are distributed in one nationwide constituency using party-list proportional representation.

[7] The value of each elector's vote is determined by the population of the province or special municipality which the elector represents, at a ratio of approximately 1 vote per 100 residents.

Rutte III lost its majority in the senate.