The closing of a late Proterozoic ocean generated the ophiolites and the oldest basement rock.

The Baikalides and Altaid mountain belts represent the accretion of island arcs into the Paleozoic.

Crustal extension created the Mongolian Plateau, while rifting, crustal thinning, block faulting and basalt eruptions produced terrain very similar to the Basin and Range province in the western United States.

[13] 220 public buildings around Khövsgöl lake and as far south as Mörön were damaged with cracked walls and broken windows, while two houses were completely destroyed.

Although no one was killed, 59 people were injured and some had to be treated for symptoms such as heart problems and high blood pressure.