Nancy Pelosi Democratic Kevin McCarthy Republican The 2022 United States House of Representatives elections were held on November 8, 2022, as part of the 2022 United States elections during incumbent president Joe Biden's term.

[7][8] Observers attributed Democrats' surprise over-performance to, among other factors,[9] the issue of abortion in the United States after Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization,[10] and the underperformance of multiple statewide and congressional Republican candidates who held extreme views,[11][12][13] including refusal to accept the party's 2020 electoral loss.

[14][15] On the other hand, Democrats' political prospects were weighed down by the 2021–2022 inflation spike, which Republicans blamed on President Biden and the Democratic-controlled Congress.

[1][19][20][21] The narrow margin by which Republicans won their House majority resulted in historic legislative difficulties in the 118th Congress.

[25][26] Several tossup or lean Republican races were won by Democrats, including upsets in Colorado's 8th, North Carolina's 13th, and Washington's 3rd congressional districts;[27][28][29] Washington 3rd's seat was particularly notable because the Cook Political Report had labeled the district as lean Republican and FiveThirtyEight had Marie Gluesenkamp Perez's chance of winning at 2-in-100.

[30][31] Democrats also narrowly missed a further upset for the Colorado's 3rd seat held by Republican Lauren Boebert; it was so close that it needed a recount.

[39] Gerrymandering during the 2020 U.S. redistricting cycle gave each party advantages in various states; due to advantageous maps, Republicans performed well or made gains in Florida, Georgia, Texas, and Tennessee, and Democrats made gains in Illinois and New Mexico.

[40] The unprecedented degree of Republican underperformance during the election defied election analysts' predictions of heavy gains, given that while a majority of voters trusted Democrats on abortion, they were disappointed with the performance of Joe Biden and Democrats on issues facing the country, such as the economy and inflation, crime, and immigration.

[3][4][5] This has been variously attributed by political commentators to the issue of abortion after Dobbs v. Jackson Women's Health Organization overturned Roe v. Wade in June 2022;[10] candidate quality among Republicans who held extremist or unpopular views,[11][12][13] such as denial of the 2020 U.S. presidential election results;[14] and youth turnout, among others.

[46] The size of the majority remained in doubt with several races still to be called more than one week after Election Day.

[49] On November 15, McCarthy won an internal Republican caucus poll as the party's nominee for Speaker of the House;[45] as several members of the Republican caucus did not vote for him and had expressed opposition to his speakership, it cast doubt on how the 2023 U.S. speaker election, which began on January 3, would unfold.

[52] Three seats were left vacant on the day of the general election due to resignations or death in 2022, two of which were not filled until the next Congress.

Due to population shifts, California, Illinois, Michigan, New York, Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia each lost one seat.

This is a list of House seats where the winner of the 2020 presidential election and the incumbent in the district were from different parties.

In February 2022, The Guardian reported that "America is poised to have a staggeringly low number of competitive seats in the US House, an alarming trend that makes it harder to govern and exacerbates political polarization."

The 2020 redistricting cycle resulted in 94% of the U.S. House running in relatively safe seats, often due to gerrymandering.