The 2023–24 season was the FC Viktoria Plzeň's 113th year in existence and 19th consecutive season in the Czech First League.

Viktoria Plzeň started their European campaign in the second qualifying round beating Drita 2–1 and then minnows Gżira United 6–0, before defeating Tobol 5–1 in play-off round to clinch a berth to the group stage.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply.

Note: Flags indicate national team as defined under FIFA eligibility rules; some limited exceptions apply.

The draw for the group stage was held on 1 September 2023.