110 teams contested, beginning in August with the first of two preliminary rounds, and ending in April 2024 with the final played at De Kuip in Rotterdam.

PSV were the two-time defending champions, having defeated Ajax 3–2 on penalties after a 1–1 draw in the previous season's final.

Since they qualified for European football based on league position, the Europa League spot from the cup was passed to the fourth-placed team of the 2023–24 Eredivisie.

Ajax, AZ, Feyenoord, PSV and Twente automatically advanced to the second round due to their participation in European club competitions.

The draw took place on 4 November 2023, with the matches being played on 19, 20, and 21 December 2023.