The Spartans were led by 29th-year head coach Tom Izzo and played their home games at Breslin Center in East Lansing, Michigan as members of the Big Ten Conference.

The Michigan State Spartans men's basketball team drew an average home attendance of 14,797 in 18 games in 2023-24.

8 seed in the Big Ten tournament, MSU defeated Minnesota in the second round[4] before losing to top-seeded Purdue in the quarterfinals.

[7] During the Christmas break, freshman guard Jeremy Fears Jr. was shot in his thigh in his hometown of Joliet, Illinois.

[21] On April 21, junior shooting guard Jaden Akins announced he was entering the NBA draft while maintaining his college eligibility.

[22] Junior point guard AJ Hoggard also submitted his name for the NBA draft, but made no announcement.

[25] On January 6, 2022, top-35 prospect, four-star point guard Jeremy Fears Jr. announced he would attend Michigan State in 2023.

[41] Michigan State was picked to finish in second place in the conference by an annual, unofficial preseason poll of basketball writers.

[49] On October 18, 2023, the school announced that sophomore forward Jaxon Kohler underwent foot surgery and would miss the beginning of the season.

[51] The Spartans held a team scrimmage on October 21, to help bring in fans for the later Michigan State-Michigan football game.

Just like in their prior exhibition game, the Spartans started slowly, falling behind James Madison and trailing throughout the first half.

Three other Spartans (Jaden Akins, Malik Hall, and Mady Sissoko) also scored in double figures in the win.

Tyson Walker did not play due to an illness; Tre Holloman got the start in his place and scored a career-high 17 points, including making all five three-pointers.

The Spartan defense again played well, limiting Alcorn State to only 16 points in the first half and holding them to 26% shooting from the field.

The Spartans made a push in the second half and narrowed the Badger lead to three on several occasions, but could not keep it close for long.

The Spartans' big men, Mady Sissoko and Carson Cooper combined for two points and three rebounds in 25 minutes.

Tyson Walker led all scorers with 27, but Malik Hall who had scored 42 points in the previous two games, was held scoreless.

MSU held Illinois without a field goal from the floor in the final six minutes of the game, but missed several three-pointers late and fell 71–68.

Tre Holloman knocked the ball loose as Maryland attempted to tie it to secure the Spartans 61–59 win.

Jaden Akins added 20 points while Carson Cooper scored 10 as the Spartans won their second road game of the season, beating Penn State 80–72.

However, the MSU defense stepped up and held Michigan without a point for the final seven minutes of the game, going on a 10–0 run to complete the first season sweep of the Wolverines since 2019.

[89] Looking to rebound from the home loss to Iowa, the Spartans faced Ohio State on February 24 at Breslin Center.

Freshman big man Xavier Booker got the start for the Spartans as MSU looked to address the difficulties it had at the center position.

Tyson Walker was fouled on the ensuing possession, but made only one of two free throws with six seconds left leaving the game tied.

Michigan State started well, leading through much of the first half, but they simply could not handle Boilermaker big man Zach Edey.

MSU started slow as neither team's offense performed well, but the Wildcats led throughout most of the first half and held a 25–20 lead at halftime.

Malik Hall fouled Hoosier big man Kel'el Ware with 14 second remaining and the game tied at 64.

The loss ended the regular season with the Spartans at 18–14, 10–10 to finish in a three-way tie for sixth place in conference play.

The Spartans made five of eight three-pointers in the game with Holloman, A. J. Hoggard, and Jaden Akins combining to make 13 of 15 shots.

[100] On August 30, the school announced that the team would play Tennessee in East Lansing in an exhibition for charity with all proceeds being donated to relief efforts associated with the Hawaii wildfires.