The 2023–24 Super Liga was the 33rd season of top-tier football in Moldova.
Sheriff Tiraspol were the defending champions for the eighth consecutive season.
The winners of the league this season earned a spot in the first qualifying round of the 2024–25 UEFA Champions League, the second placed club earned a spot in the first qualifying round of the 2024–25 UEFA Europa League, the third placed club earned a spot in the second qualifying round and the fourth placed club in the first qualifying round of the 2024–25 UEFA Conference League.
6 teams from the 2022–23 season and two promoted teams from the Liga 1: Florești, returning to the top tier after one year absence and Spartanii Sportul, who played their first season in the top division.
Note: Flags indicate national team as has been defined under FIFA eligibility rules.