This was the twelfth time the women's 4 × 400 metres relay was contested at the European Athletics Indoor Championships.

The women's 4 × 400 metres relay was introduced at the 2000 edition of the European Athletics Indoor Championships and had been contested eleven times before 2023.

[3] After 200 metres, individual 400 m silver medalist Lieke Klaver of the Netherlands was in the lead, followed by individual bronze medalist Anna Kiełbasińska of Poland and Alice Mangione of Italy, until they handed their batons over to Eveline Saalberg of the Netherlands, Marika Popowicz-Drapała of Poland, and Ayomide Folorunso of Italy, who maintained the running order during the second leg.

[9][10] Third-leg runner Cathelijn Peeters of the Netherlands kept her nation in the lead, but just metres before the last hand-over Anna Polinari of Italy passed Alicja Wrona-Kutrzepa of Poland.

[9] In the anchor leg, individual gold medalist Femke Bol of the Netherlands, Eleonora Marchiando of Italy, and Anna Pałys of Poland ran their laps in that order.