The 2023 James Madison Dukes football team represented James Madison University as a member of the East Division of the Sun Belt Conference during the 2023 NCAA Division I FBS football season.

Led by fifth-year head coach Curt Cignetti, the Dukes played home games at Bridgeforth Stadium in Harrisonburg, Virginia as members of the East division of the Sun Belt Conference.

The James Madison Dukes football team drew an average home attendance of 25,372 in 2023.

The season was the final year of a two-year transition from the Football Championship Subdivision.

[4] In the Sun Belt preseason coaches' poll, the Dukes were picked to finish in first place in the East division.