The 2023 Western Illinois Leathernecks football team represented Western Illinois University as a member of the Missouri Valley Football Conference (MVFC) during the 2023 NCAA Division I FCS football season.

They were led by second-year head coach Myers Hendrickson.

The Leathernecks played their home games at Hanson Field in Macomb, Illinois.

This was the final season for the Leathernecks in the MVFC before moving to the Ohio Valley Conference (OVC) for the 2024–25 season.

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