The Homeland Union (TS–LKD), the largest party in the ruling centre-right coalition in the preceding Seimas, finished a distant second, securing 28 seats, down from its previous 50.

After the second round, the consultations were expanded to include the Liberals' Movement (LS), which had been part of the outgoing conservative-led coalition, and Dawn of Nemunas (PPNA), a new nationalist party that finished in third place overall.

[6] The Social Democrats' decision to include the Dawn of Nemunas party, whose founder is known for making controversial statements, prompted domestic and international backlash.

[10] Major domestic and foreign events during the term include the COVID-19 pandemic in Lithuania, 2020–2021 Belarusian protests and the Belarus–European Union border crisis and the Russian invasion of Ukraine.

Other notable changes in the political landscape since 2020 included the establishment of Dawn of Nemunas, led by presidential candidate Remigijus Žemaitaitis after his expulsion from Freedom and Justice due to his antisemitic statements, which grew in popularity after the 2024 presidential election, as well as the poor performance of the Labour Party, which failed to win a deputy in the European Parliament for the first time since its establishment in 2003, and which was subsequently abandoned by several of the party's members of parliament, which led to the collapse of the party's parliamentary group.

It allowed the establishment more than one overseas constituency and removed a ban of political parties' campaigning on Saturdays (e. g. one day prior to the election).

Prior to change, leading candidates needed to obtain over 50 per cent of all votes (including invalid ballots) to be elected in the first round.

After the change, leading candidates needed to obtain just over 20 per cent of votes from all registered voters in a particular single-member constituency.

23 political parties were eligible to participate in the elections, having submitted their membership rolls before 10 April 2024, in compliance with legal requirements.

Number of the People and Justice Union was drawn by the representative of the CEC, due to members failure to participate in the event.

[30] The Lithuanian public broadcaster LRT hosted six televised debate shows, organized together with the Central Electoral Commission (CEC).

'I know who I'm voting for') hosted a live debate in cooperation with LRT, which was held on 11 October at 8:00 PM in the courtyard of Lukiškės Prison.

On the night of 14 October, Vilija Blinkevičiūtė and Saulius Skvernelis, the leaders of the LSDP and the DSVL respectively, agreed to cooperate in the second round and to form a coalition government afterwards.

[63] On 30 October, Blinkevičiūtė confirmed that she will not be prime minister and will continue to work as a member of the European Parliament, citing her age and health.

[56] On 7 November, the LSDP invited the DSVL and Dawn of Nemunas to form a ruling coalition, which would encompass 86 of the 141 seats in the Seimas.

On 8 November, over 30 non-governmental organizations based in Lithuania signed an open letter against the decision, fearing a negative impact on human rights, democracy and national security,[7][65] and US Senate Foreign Relations Committee chair Ben Cardin released a statement condemning the move.

[72] On 9 November, Žemaitaitis claimed that the foreign reactions were instigated by his political opponents,[73] and Paluckas similarly attributed them to opposing politicians' international connections.

[77] On the day after the second round of the election, Gabrielius Landsbergis announced his resignation as leader of the Homeland Union and as member of the next Seimas.

Landsbergis also lost in the Centras-Žaliakalnis single-member constituency, which he represented since 2016, to Simonas Kairys of the Liberals' Movement and fellow member of the Šimonytė Cabinet.