Xóchitl Gálvez emerged as the frontrunner of Fuerza y Corazón por México following a surge in popularity due to criticisms from López Obrador.

He won in a landslide, securing 54.71% of the vote and defeating his closest rival, Ricardo Anaya of the Por México al Frente coalition, by nearly 31 percentage points.

As president, López Obrador expanded the Mexican welfare state with programs aimed at the elderly and low-income students, raised the minimum wage significantly, and invested heavily in infrastructure projects such as the Tren Maya and the Felipe Ángeles International Airport.

[19][20] While Juntos Hacemos Historia, an alliance of Morena, the PT, and the Ecologist Green Party of Mexico (PVEM), lost its supermajority in the Chamber of Deputies, it achieved significant success in local elections, flipping numerous governorships.

Marcelo Ebrard, secretary of foreign affairs, was the first to register as a candidate, followed by Claudia Sheinbaum, Head of Government of Mexico City.

Of those, four candidates successfully gathered the required signatures: Xóchitl Gálvez, Beatriz Paredes, Santiago Creel, and Enrique de la Madrid.

[86] The six green-lighted prospective independent candidates were Rocío Gabriela González Castañeda, Ulises Ernesto Ruiz Ortiz, César Enrique Asiain del Castillo, Hugo Eric Flores Cervantes, María Ofelia Edgar Mares, and José Eduardo Verástegui Córdoba.

[89][90] The INE established that the campaigning period for president, senators, and federal deputies would officially begin on 1 March and conclude on 29 May, three days before the elections.

[101] Claudia Sheinbaum has expressed her commitment to replicating her success as Head of Government of Mexico City, where, in 2023, her policies brought down intentional homicides to their lowest level since 1989.

[102] She explained that she would follow a similar structure, emphasizing zero impunity by strengthening coordination among the National Guard, state police forces, and prosecutors and improving intelligence and investigative services.

[101][103] President López Obrador implemented various social programs, the largest being the Pension for the Well-being of Older People (Pensión para el Bienestar de las Personas Adultas Mayores), targeting individuals aged 65 and above.

[103] Sheinbaum has proposed two new social programs: one aimed at students from preschool to secondary education[108] and the other targeting women aged 60 to 64, where they would receive half the amount provided by the Pension for the Well-being of Older People.

[103] López Obrador has pursued an energy sovereignty policy, seeking to prevent Pemex from exporting crude oil and instead refining it in Mexico.

To this end, he inaugurated a new refinery in Paraíso, Tabasco, canceled oil auctions, financed Pemex's debts, and used regulatory agencies to keep private firms off the market.

Xóchitl Gálvez advocated for a more free-market model approach to Mexico's energy sector, proposing significant reforms to Pemex by opening it up to private investment and reinstating oil auctions and joint ventures, using Petrobras as an example.

[114] Fuerza y Corazón por México members have been critical of López Obrador's efforts to reform the electoral system and have successfully blocked previous legislative attempts, deeming them undemocratic.

The theme of the debate was "the society we want", with questions focused on health and education, corruption and governmental transparency, discrimination against vulnerable groups, and violence against women.

On 18 April 2024, the INE selected journalists Luisa Cantú Ríos, Elena Arcila, and Javier Solórzano Zinser as moderators of the debate, each respectively representing Mexico's northern, southern, and central regions.

[146] The debate saw Claudia Sheinbaum defend López Obrador's security policy and pledge to continue tackling the Mexican drug war from a social angle.

Jorge Álvarez Máynez focused on youth empowerment during the debate and pledged to implement a five-day workweek and create more spaces in public universities.

[153] On 10 May 2024, Claudia Sheinbaum said during a campaign speech in Baja California Sur that "we are not going to reach the presidency like Andrés Manuel López Obrador did, out of personal ambition".

[153] On 22 May, a stage being used by Jorge Álvarez Máynez for a campaign rally was toppled by strong winds in San Pedro Garza García, Nuevo León, killing ten people, including a child, and injuring 213 others.

Condolences were issued by his rivals and President López Obrador over the incident, while Claudia Sheinbaum canceled an event in neighboring Monterrey scheduled the next day in solidarity with the victims of the disaster.

[157] On 1 June, authorities ordered the suspension of voting in the municipalities of Pantelhó and Chicomuselo in Chiapas, citing the burning of election papers in the former by unknown individuals on 31 May and threats against poll workers by gang members.

The Preliminary Electoral Results Program (PREP) progressively counts votes from tally sheets at polling stations, digitizing and recording them online after being delivered to INE district offices.

The quick count is a statistical process that randomly selects a sample of votes to estimate voter turnout and candidate results, providing a preliminary indication of the election outcome.

Tally sheets are manually recorded, and each electoral package is certified at the 300 district offices across the country, with citizen councils and party representatives overseeing the process.

The PRD spearheaded most of these challenges, which sought to annul millions of ballots to meet the 3% threshold required to maintain its registration as a national political party.

[190] The only exception was in the 23rd district of the State of Mexico, where Luis Alberto Carballo Gutiérrez's victory certificate was annulled due to his ineligibility, as he was a food debtor,[191] resulting in his alternate assuming the position instead.

[192] Amid concerns that a supermajority in both chambers of Congress would lead to anti-market reforms, the peso dropped nearly 4% against the U.S. dollar following initial reporting;[193] by the end of the week, it was down 10% from its pre-election level.