The membership was set by the 1963 federal election on April 8, 1963, and it changed only somewhat due to resignations and by-elections until it was dissolved prior to the 1965 election.

Most of the MPs were elected as the single member for their district.

It was controlled by a Liberal Party minority under Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson and the 19th Canadian Ministry.

The Official Opposition was the Progressive Conservative Party, led by John Diefenbaker.

Following is a full list of members of the twenty-sixth Parliament listed first by province or territory, then by electoral district.