The regiment's 1st, 2nd, 4th, and 5th battalions are stationed at Fort Stewart under the command of the 188th Infantry Brigade.

[1][2][3] The regiment was reconstituted in the Organized Reserve on 24 June 1921, assigned to the 77th Division, and allotted to the Second Corps Area.

The 306th conducted summer training most years with the 1st Division's 16th and 18th Infantry Regiments at Camp Dix, New Jersey, or Fort Slocum, New York, and some years with the 1st Division's 26th Infantry at Plattsburg Barracks, New York.

[4] Ordered into active military service 25 March 1942 and reorganized at Fort Jackson, South Carolina.

[9] After adoption of the ROAD program,[10] the regiment was reorganized on 26 March 1963 to consist of the 1st and 2d Battalions, subordinate elements of the 77th Infantry Division.

On 15 December 2007, the battalions were relieved from their assignment to the 87th Division and reassigned to First Army's 188th Infantry Brigade.