By the end of 1944, the 21st Army Group was suffering a severe manpower shortage, particularly among its infantry units.

[1] In January 1945, the War Office began to reorganise surplus anti-aircraft and coastal artillery regiments in the UK into infantry battalions, primarily for line of communication and occupation duties in North West Europe, thereby releasing trained infantry for frontline service.

[4][5] The 307th Infantry Brigade was formed on 22 January 1945 by conversion of the 59 AA Bde's headquarters within 2 Anti-Aircraft Group.

The brigade had previously formed part of the Orkney and Shetland Defences (OSDEF) of Anti-Aircraft Command.

The brigade consisted of the following Territorial Army RA units:[4][6] After infantry training, including a short period attached to Southern Command, the 307th Bde landed on the Continent on 23 April 1945, and came under the orders of the 21st Army Group, later of HQ Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF).