The unit was assembled from Detachment 1, 4013th U.S. Army Garrison in Baton Rouge, Louisiana., and 458th Stock Control Company in El Dorado, Arkansas.

On 20 September 1990, the 321st MMC was mobilized at Fort Polk, Louisiana, during Operation Desert Shield, and arrived in Dhahran, Saudi Arabia on 9 October 1990.

As the theater matured, the MMC managed the prodigious logistics effort necessitated by the flow of massive forces, which enabled the Army to decisively defeat the enemy in 100 hours.

On 12 October 2001 detachments of the 321st TMMC were mobilized in support of Operation Enduring Freedom in response to the tragic 11 September 2001 attacks on the United States.

These elements provided the necessary additional capability to the 321st for support of the Coalition Force Land Component Command (CFLCC) operations in Afghanistan and the Horn of Africa.

In October 2003 the 321st began a unique affiliation with the 304th CMMC from Los Angeles, California, to provide a large number of soldiers still serving today.