The 337th was activated again in 1955, when it replaced the 503d Air Defense Group at Portland International Airport as part of Air Defense Command (ADC)'s Project Arrow, which was designed to revive fighter units that had served during World War II and replace ADC's post-war units.

[1] However, the Army Air Forces (AAF) was finding that standard military units, which were based on relatively inflexible tables of organization were not proving to be well adapted to the training mission.

[11] The group was reconstituted, redesignated as the 337th Fighter Group (Air Defense) and activated at Portland International Airport in August 1955[1] as part of Air Defense Command's Project Arrow, which was designed to bring back on the active list the fighter units which had compiled memorable records in the two world wars.

[12] At Portland, the group assumed the personnel and equipment of the inactivating 503d Air Defense Group,[13] while its 460th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which moved to Portland from McGhee-Tyson Airport,[14] took over the radar equipped and Mighty Mouse rocket armed Northrop F-89D Scorpion aircraft and personnel of the 503d's 497th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron, which moved to Geiger Field, Washington.

[15] The group operated interceptors to provide active air defense in the 25th NORAD Region area of responsibility.

[17][18][19] In May 1958, the group converted from F-89Ds to supersonic Convair F-102 Delta Dagger aircraft equipped with data link for interception control through the Semi-Automatic Ground Environment system and capable of launching the AIM-4 Falcon.

[20] During the Cuban Missile Crisis, Continental Air Defense Command directed the group to place all its interceptors on five-minute alert.

[25] In 2007, the group's Foreign Military Sales (FMS) team oversaw the effort to provide the Iraqi Air Force with Cessna 172 training aircraft in order to resume flying operations[26] and also sought vendors for Counterinsurgency (COIN) aircraft for Iraq.

Systems Units This article incorporates public domain material from the Air Force Historical Research Agency