List of 40 mm grenades
Production of Romanian 40 mm low-velocity ammunition is handled by the arms factory Uzina Mecanica Plopeni,[27] a subsidiary of ROMARM.
[27] The United States Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) began development of a 40 mm smart airburst fuze (proximity fuze) in 2011 to improve the ability of grenade launchers like the M203 and M320 to engage targets in defilade.
Called small arms grenade munitions (SAGMs), they double the lethality of the standard M433 grenade round by adding a small "smart" fuze sensor that detonates in the air to hit targets in cover or behind obstacles.
Integrated sensors and logic devices scan and filter the environment and then autonomously airburst the fuze without needing to be told to by the firer, thereby not requiring the soldier to carry extra weapon accessories.
SAGMs enable soldiers to accurately incapacitate personnel targets in defilade at ranges between 50 and 500 meters.
[28] Although the SAGM sensor does not need a laser rangefinder or any pre-fire programming sequence, it does require some skill by the user to aim and fire the round correctly so that it can detect the wall or obstruction to detonate in the air.
The SAGM was to undergo evaluation in July 2015 and, if successful, transition into an official Army Program of Record by the end of the year.
The sort of sensor SAGMs use to differentiate clutter from triggering obstacles is highly classified, but shows airburst reliability of 76 percent.
[31] 40×53 mm HV (high velocity)[2] is a NATO-standard[3] high–low grenade launcher cartridge meant for mounted or crew-served automatic grenade launchers, such as the Mk.19 AGL, Mk 47 Striker, HK GMG, STK 40 AGL, and Daewoo K4.
It is "green" because it is non-toxic and non-dud producing (since it is a training round), meaning that there is no unexploded ordnance left to clean up on the range and heavy metals in the fuze do not leak into the ground.
The MK281 was introduced into parts of the U.S. Armed Forces because of an executive order mandating that they buy green ammunition.
The United States Army has a requirement for a non-dud producing 40 mm training ammunition in both high- and low-velocity variants.
The resulting ammunition will not contain explosive energetics and have day and night visible, infrared, and thermal signatures.
74 rifle-mounted grenade launchers (used with the AK family of rifles in the Polish Army, like the AKM/AKMS, Tantal and Beryl) and Pallad-D wz.
83 grenade launcher (standalone variant fitted with standard pistol grip and folding stock from the AKMS assault rifle).
[27] Production was originally handled by the arms factory Uzina Mecanica Filiasi, however production was later moved to the arms factory Uzina Mecanica Tohan Zărnești,[27] today more commonly known as S. Tohan S.A.,[52] a subsidiary of ROMARM.
