The 46th was armed rather differently from most infantry regiments in the Civil War.
Upon return to its encampment at Scottsboro, Alabama, in April 1864, the regiment exchanged its muzzleloading rifle-muskets for the Spencer repeating rifle.
The colonel of the 46th Ohio, Charles C. Walcutt, wrote a manual of arms for the Spencer, and the regiment first employed its Spencers in force at the Battle of Resaca.
The 46th Ohio Infantry Regiment was organized in Worthington, Ohio October 16, 1861, through January 28, 1862, and mustered in for three years service under the command of Colonel Thomas Worthington.
The regiment was attached to District of Paducah, Kentucky, to March 1862.
2nd Brigade, 5th Division, District of Memphis, Tennessee, to November 1862.
2nd Brigade, 5th Division, Right Wing, XIII Corps, Department of the Tennessee, November 1862.
1st Brigade, 1st Division, District of Memphis, Tennessee, XIII Corps, to December 1862.
The 46th Ohio Infantry mustered out of service at Louisville, Kentucky, on July 22, 1865.
Expedition to Yellow Creek, Miss., and occupation of Pittsburg Landing, Tenn., March 14–17.
March to Memphis, Tenn., via LaGrange, Grand Junction, and Holly Springs June 1-July 2.
Operations on the Mississippi Central Railroad November 1862 to January 10, 1863.
Moved to Memphis, then marched to Chattanooga, Tenn., September 25-November 20.
Operations on Memphis & Charleston Railroad in Alabama October 20–29.
Operations on line of Pumpkin Vine Creek and battles about Dallas, New Hope Church, and Allatoona Hills May 25-June 5.
Operations about Marietta and against Kennesaw Mountain June 10-July 2.
Moved to Louisville, Ky., June, and duty there until July.