The Forty-Sixth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 14, 1903, to May 23, 1903, in regular session.

[1] During this legislative term but after the end of the legislative session, in February 1904, the Wisconsin State Capitol suffered a severe fire that destroyed two wings and damaged the rotunda.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first two years of a four-year term.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the third and fourth year of a four-year term, having been elected in the general election of November 6, 1900.

[1] The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Robert M. La Follette, of Dane County, serving his second two-year term, having won re-election in the 1902 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.