The 5th Canadian Parliament was in session from 8 February 1883, until 15 January 1887.

The membership was set by the 1882 federal election on 20 June 1882.

The 5th Canadian Parliament was controlled by a Conservative/Liberal-Conservative majority under Prime Minister Sir John A. Macdonald and the 3rd Canadian Ministry.

The Official Opposition was the Liberal Party, led by Edward Blake.

There were four sessions of the 5th Parliament: This term was notable for passing the Chinese Immigration Act of 1885 which imposed a head tax on Chinese immigrants to Canada.