The regiment was composed of African American enlisted men commanded by white officers and was authorized by the Bureau of Colored Troops which was created by the United States War Department on May 22, 1863.

The regiment was attached to Colored Brigade, 7th Corps, until February, 1865.

14, Department of Arkansas, dated February 1, 1865, from Little Rock, included the 113th United States Colored Infantry is reported as belonging to the 2nd Brigade of the 1st Division of the 7th Army Corps.

The regiment was assigned to post and garrison duty at Little Rock, Ark., for its entire term of service.

[4] The 113th United States Colored Infantry were mustered out a year later, on April 9, 1866.