On 22 February it was redesignated as the Estonia Infantry Regiment when the Imperial Russian Army replaced the Musketeer designation.

At the beginning of the French invasion of Russia, the active battalions of the regiment were part of the 14th Division in the 1st Infantry Corps of the 1st Western Army.

With the detachment of General Fyodor von Löwis it fought in the Battle of Ekau and did not join the regiment until July 1813.

During the First Battle of Polotsk on 18 August, described as its first major engagement, it lost fourteen officers and more than 400 men but managed to repulse several French attacks and maintain an orderly retreat.

As part of the 1st Infantry Corps of General Peter Wittgenstein in the Army of Bohemia it fought in the Battle of Dresden after the resumption of hostilities with Napoleon.

During the Battle of Kulm, the regiment participated in the loss and recapture of Cotta, but lost six officers and 260 men – a third of its strength – while fighting on the Kohlberg and at the Gießhübl defile.

As part of the advance guard of General Peter von Pahlen, the regiment was caught by overwhelmingly numerically superior French forces under Napoleon himself on 17 February at the Battle of Mormant, and was surrounded and almost completely destroyed with a loss of 338 men, leaving only three officers and 69 men in the ranks by the end of the day.

[1] By 1914, the regiment was garrisoned at General Field Marshal Gurko barracks near Jabłonna, part of the 2nd Brigade of the 2nd Infantry Division of the 23rd Army Corps in the Warsaw Military District.