91st Division (United States)

Serving under the U.S. Army's V Corps, the division, now commanded by Major General William Johnston Jr., fought in the Meuse-Argonne Offensive and successfully helped to destroy the German First Guard Division and continued to smash through three successive enemy lines.

The headquarters was later moved to Building 172 at the Presidio and remained there until activated for World War II.

Unlike the Regular and Guard units in the Ninth Corps Area, the 91st Division did not participate in the various Ninth Corps Area maneuvers and the Fourth Army maneuvers of 1937, 1940, and 1941 as an organized unit due to lack of enlisted personnel and equipment.

[11] As the early battles of World War II involving the United States were being fought, the division was reactivated at Camp White, Oregon, on 15 August 1942, under the command of Major General Charles H. Gerhardt, around a cadre coming for the most part from the 1st Cavalry Division.

After initial training at Camp White, the division participation in one of the major Oregon Maneuver combat exercises in the fall of 1943.

[14] Major General William G. Livesay being the commander, the division departed for the European Continent on 3 April 1944.

There, on the Italian Front, the 361st Regimental Combat Team was detached to participate in the battles for Rome and the Arno River.

In September 1944, the division crossed the Sieve River, outflanked the famous Gothic Line, and captured the Futa Pass.

The division returned to the United States where it was inactivated at Camp Rucker, Alabama, in December 1945.

[1][4] Days of combat: 271 In December 1946, the 91st was reactivated at the Presidio of San Francisco as part of the U.S. Army Reserve.

[1][4] Its headquarters was at Parks Reserve Forces Training Area (PRFTA), Dublin, California,[16] when the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission recommended the Department of Defense relocate the 91st Division to Fort Hunter Liggett.

Square Division example: 1940 US Infantry Division. On the far left can be seen two Brigades of two Regiments each
M1917 helmet worn by a Doughboy of the 91st Division in France in 1918
Triangular Division example: 1942 U.S. infantry division. The brigades of the Square division have been removed, and there are three regiments directly under divisional control.
Men of Company C, 363rd Infantry Regiment, 91st Infantry Division, on the road just south of Pianoro, Italy, April 1945.
Standard organization chart for a training division