The A5 Autoroute, which was constructed in 1990 to relieve the A6, links the Parisian region with the Langres area.

In Île-de-France, before reaching its western terminus at La Francilienne, the A5 splits into two branches which were previously referred to as the A5a and the A5b.

They have since been renumbered, with the A5a being designated as the A5 and the A5b becoming part of the A105 (a spur route linking La Francilienne, the A5, and the town of Melun).

The French Government has given the green light for the completion of the natural continuation of the A5 beyond Langres towards Switzerland and Mulhouse by granting permission for the construction of a toll motorway from Langres to Vesoul currently known as the A319 (planned opening after 2030).

The remainder of the section must be supported by the State in the form of a 2 × 2 lane expressway (RN 19) connecting to the A36 between Belfort and Montbéliard and beyond to the A16 Swiss motorway.