Ababel Yeshaneh Birhane (born 22 July 1991) is an Ethiopian long-distance runner who competes in track, road and cross country events.

She was a team silver medallist at the African Cross Country Championships in 2014 and finished 14th in the 5000 metres at the 2016 Olympic Games.

On 21 February 2020, she broke the world record in the half marathon, clocking 1:04:31 at the RAK Half-Marathon in Ras Al Khaimah, United Arab Emirates.

[2] She began to compete outside of Ethiopia in 2011, starting with a win at the Vadodara Half Marathon in India.

[10] She competed in the women's marathon at the 2022 World Athletics Championships held in Eugene, Oregon, United States.