According to the local source " Tarih-i Kashgar ", written by anonymous author of the first half of XVIII century on Uyghur language in Yarkand, he was born from Qalmak wife of Abduraim Khan Begim Pasha, daughter of Dzungar chieftain Duranga, and when he was 8 years old he was taken to Kucha and was raised here by a ruler of Kucha Mirza Abul-Hadi Beg.
During his reign Dzungars started to make a regular incursions into Yarkand Khanate and in 1657 Dzungar Khan Sengge (1653-1671) with a title Khong Tayiji led himself one of these incursions, reaching Keriya in support of the uprising of Sarig Uyghurs or Yellow Uyghurs of Buddhist Yellow religion in Cherchen and Charklik on the southern rim of Takla Makan Desert.
Abdullah Khan failed to consolidate Yarkand Khanate, prevent its disintegration and stop separatism of Begs and Sultans, who used in power struggles between them not only Kara Yanchuk mercenaries, but powerful religious leaders, Khojas, of both rival sections, Kara Taghliks and Ak Taghliks, as well.
He lost control of the East of the Yarkand Khanate, his brothers Abu'l Muhammad Khan and Ibrahim Sultan ruled Uyghurstan (Chalish-Turpan-Kumul) independently from him as a Little Khans , having own system of Taxation, while regions of Eastern Kashgaria: Uch Turpan, Aksu, Bai, Kucha had become actually a self-governed cities, ruled by Begs.
Power of Abdullah Khan had become restricted only by the 6 cities of Western Kashgaria: Yarkand, Kashgar, Khotan, Kargalik, Yangi Hisar, Barchuk and Sarikol area of Pamir, nevertheless, these six cities with suburbs and related towns counted for about 70% of total population of Yarkand Khanate and provided main source of income to the Treasury of Great Khan in Yarkand, while eastern areas of the Khanate were under constant pressure from Dzungars and spent considerable amount of their resources for local defenses.
Yulbars Sultan married his aunt, Shah-Zada Mahim, daughter of Mirza Abul-Hadi Beg of Kucha, to Appak Khoja and became his disciple.
Mughal Emperor of India Muhammad Aurangzeb (1658-1707) sent his Envoy Khoja Ishak to meet Moghul Khan, who arranged his passage through Karakorum Range.
Abdullah Khan departed to Mecca by sea and after completing Hajj he returned to India where he died in 1675 in the age of 67, buried in Agra.
They sent delegation to Ismail Sultan, 5th son of Abduraim Khan, who was a ruler of Chalish in the Eastern part of Yarkand Khanate (Uyghurstan), inviting him to Aksu.