[3] Abdurrahman Mustafa was born in 1964, in the Turkmen village of Tell Hajar (Turkish:Taşlıhüyük) in the Aleppo Governorate of Syria.

In 1996, he started working for the Turkish Özkesoğlu Group and served in international offices such as Regional Director of Libya and later Syria until his quit from business in 2012 and engagement in politics with the beginning of the Syrian Civil War in 2011.

[6] On May 10 2014, when the Syrian Turkmen Assembly held a new general meeting, Mustafa was elected[8] as president of the party with the majority of votes by 360 delegates.

[7] Since his assuming of the presidency, the activities of Mustafa and the assembly have intensified dramatically including the designation of Syrian Turkmen Brigades as the assembly's military wing,[9] official declaration of the Syrian Turkmen flag,[10] more coordinated attacks seeking the benefit of Turkmen and Syrian opposition[11][12][13] and stronger coordination and cooperation with US and Turkey on the fight against ISIL on Azaz-Jarabulus line, becoming a key organization among which USA has close ties with and states as the "moderate rebels/opposition".

When Seif resigned on health grounds ten months after his election, Mustafa succeeded him to end his term.

According to a former SNC official, Mustafa was elected at the request of Turkey, who wanted an opposition leader who would be willing to attend the Russian-sponsored peace talks in Sochi.

[6] After the fall of the Assad regime, Mustafa announced on 30 January 2025 that the SIG was placing itself "at the disposal" of the new Syrian transitional government.