Abraham Dowdney (October 31, 1841 – December 10, 1886) was a United States Representative from New York, as well as an officer in the Union Army during the American Civil War.

Born in Youghal, County Cork, Ireland, he emigrated to the United States with his parents, who settled in New York City.

He served in the Civil War as a captain in the 132nd New York Volunteer Infantry Regiment in 1862 and 1863.

He was elected as a Democrat to the 49th Congress and served from March 4, 1885, until his death in New York City in 1886 at the age of 45.

This article incorporates public domain material from the Biographical Directory of the United States Congress