Absorbing set

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics an absorbing set in a vector space is a set

which can be "inflated" or "scaled up" to eventually always include any given point of the vector space.

Alternative terms are radial or absorbent set.

Every neighborhood of the origin in every topological vector space is an absorbing subset.

the smallest balanced set containing

is a balanced set then this list can be extended to include: If

to be an absorbing set, or to be a neighborhood of the origin in a topology) then this list can be extended to include: If

then this list can be extended to include: A set absorbing a point A set is said to absorb a point

This notion of one set absorbing another is also used in other definitions: A subset of a topological vector space

is called bounded if it is absorbed by every neighborhood of the origin.

A set is called bornivorous if it absorbs every bounded subset.

containing the origin is the one and only singleton subset that absorbs itself.

is the unit circle (centered at the origin

In contrast, every neighborhood of the origin absorbs every bounded subset of

if it satisfies any of the following equivalent conditions (here ordered so that each condition is an easy consequence of the previous one, starting with the definition): If

to be absorbing) then it suffices to check any of the above conditions for all non-zero

be a linear map between vector spaces and let

is a topological vector space (TVS) then any neighborhood of the origin in

This fact is one of the primary motivations for defining the property "absorbing in

is a non-convex balanced set that is not absorbing in

absorbing then the same is true of the symmetric set

into a seminormed space that carries its canonical pseduometrizable topology.

as a limit point) forms a neighborhood basis of absorbing disks at the origin for this locally convex topology.

is a topological vector space and if this convex absorbing subset

does not contain any non-trivial vector subspace then

will form what is known as an auxiliary normed space.

Every absorbing set contains the origin.

Consequently, if a topological vector space

is a non-meager subset of itself (or equivalently for TVSs, if it is a Baire space) and if

necessarily contains a non-empty open subset of