Abukuma Kyuko was founded on April 5, 1984, as a third-sector railway for the purpose of taking over operation of Japanese National Railways' Marumori Line, which ran 17.4 km and linked Marumori Station to Tsukinoki Station.

[1] The Marumori Line was reopened as the Abukuma Express Line on July 1, 1986, operated by Abukuma Kyuko.

[1] The Abukuma Express Line was extended to Fukushima Station in the south from July 1, 1988.

[1] Abukuma Kyuko operates the Abukuma Express Line, which runs 54.9 km from Fukushima Station in the south to Tsukinoki Station in the north.

The shareholders of Abukuma Kyuko consist primarily of local and prefectural governments.