The Academy of Sciences of Lisbon GCSE (Portuguese: Academia das Ciências de Lisboa) is Portugal's national academy dedicated to the advancement of sciences and learning, with the goal of promoting academic progress and prosperity in Portugal.

The academy was founded on 24 December 1779 in Lisbon, Portugal, by João Carlos de Bragança, Duke de Lafões, who served as the academy's first President, and José Correia da Serra, who served as its first secretary-general.

It inherited several archives from its direct predecessor the Royal Academy of Portuguese History (Academia Real da História Portuguesa), which had been functioning since 1720 and stopped in 1776[2].

This society had been meeting informally since 1717, under the sponsorship of the 4th Count of Ericeira, until its approval by King John V and receiving royal patronage.

The academy received royal patronage under Queen Maria I of Portugal in 1783, bestowing the title of Royal Academy of Sciences (Real Academia das Ciências) unto the institution.