Yemeni NLF victory United Kingdom 1964 1965 1967 The Aden Emergency, also known as the 14 October Revolution (Arabic: ثورة 14 أكتوبر, romanized: Thawrat 14 ʾUktūbar, lit.

Partly inspired by Gamal Abdel Nasser's pan-Arab nationalism, it began on 14 October 1963 with the throwing of a grenade at a gathering of British officials at Aden Airport.

Aden was originally of interest to Britain as an anti-piracy station to protect shipping on the routes to British India.

A perceived anti-colonial uprising in Aden in 1963 provided another potential opportunity for his doctrines, though it is not clear to what extent Nasser directly incited the revolt in Aden, as opposed to the Yemeni guerrilla groups drawing inspiration from Nasser's pan-Arabist ideas but acting independently themselves.

[7] Hostilities started on 10 December 1963, with an NLF grenade attack against British High Commissioner of Aden Sir Kennedy Trevaskis, which took place as he arrived at Khormaksar Airport to catch a London-bound flight.

The NLF and FLOSY began a campaign against British forces in Aden, relying largely on grenade attacks.

The guerrilla attacks largely focused on killing off-duty British officers and policemen.

British forces attempted to intercept weapons being smuggled into Crater by the NLF and FLOSY on the Dhala road, but their efforts met with little success.

These were called in by the army for attacks on rebel positions in which they would use 60-pound high explosive rockets and their 30 mm ADEN cannon.

Nasser claimed that the British had helped Israel in the war, and this led to a mutiny by hundreds of soldiers in the South Arabian Federation Army on June 20, which also spread to the Aden Armed Police.

The mutineers killed 22 British soldiers and shot down a helicopter (The pilot had to abandon take off from a ledge near Crater, Aden after being hit in the knee by a bullet.

The Sioux crashed and burnt out but all three occupants escaped), and as a result, Crater was occupied by rebel forces.

Following the mutiny, all British forces were withdrawn from Crater, while Royal Marines of 45 Commando took up sniping positions on the high ground and killed 10 armed Arab fighters.

NLF and FLOSY fighters then took to the streets and engaged in gun battles, while arson, looting, and murder was also common.

Order was restored in July 1967, when the 1st Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders entered Crater under the command of Lt. Col. Colin Campbell Mitchell and managed to occupy the entire district overnight with no casualties.

On November 30, 1967 the Federation of South Arabia ceased to exist when the People's Republic of Southern Yemen was proclaimed.