In developed nations, the psychosocial period of adolescence is extended both by an earlier start, as the onset of puberty begins earlier, and a later end, as patients require more years of education or training before they reach economic independence from their parents.
These include: Adolescents who are gay, lesbian or bisexual tend to demonstrate more risky health behaviors and have worse health outcomes compared to heterosexual youth, including:[4] Chronic conditions often cause delay in onset of puberty and temporary or permanent impediments to growth; conversely the growth and hormonal changes can destabilize treatment for the chronic condition.
[7] Marginalised young people’s access is affected by their ability to recognize and understand health issues; service knowledge and attitudes toward help seeking; structural barriers; professionals' knowledge, skills, attitudes; service environments and structures; ability to navigate the health system; youth participation; and technology opportunities.
[8] Marginalised young people’s healthcare journeys can be supported by advocates that help them navigate the health system.
[11] San Antonio, Texas Dallas, Texas U.S. Air Force Academy, Colorado Spring, Colorado Kansas City, Missouri Indianapolis, Indiana New York City, New York Dayton, Ohio Rochester, New York Los Angeles, California San Francisco area Massachusetts[13] Philadelphia, Pennsylvania Columbus, Ohio Seattle, Washington Cincinnati, Ohio Richmond, Virginia Fayetteville, North Carolina Sydney Melbourne In the United States, the subspecialty of college health is closely affiliated with adolescent medicine.