Adolph was the third son of Count Eberhard I of the Mark and Mary of Loon.
Aged only 25, but through the influence of King Philip IV of France, he became Prince-Bishop of Liège in 1313.
In 1316, he was forced to sign the Peace of Fexhe, which has been compared to Magna Carta and which limited his powers.
He intervened in the War of Awans and Waroux and participated in the 1334 siege of Maastricht.
He died the next year and was succeeded by his nephew Engelbert III of the Marck.