They are foremost used in brewing, pond aeration and sewage treatment plants.
[1] Aeration turbines are designed for mixing gases, usually air, with a liquid, usually water.
Some designs have bladed rotors which leads to more splashing and those need to run close to the surface, which is an obvious sign of lesser efficiency.
With raising population and the growing strain on clean water supplies such environmentally friendly solutions are becoming more important.
The technology allows a more decentralized approach to waste water treatment as sewage can be oxygenised at pumping stations for bacteria to start breaking down the sewage before it even arrives at centralized processing plants.