Aerobatic maneuver

A loop can also be performed by rolling inverted and making the same maneuver but diving towards the ground.

A spin is more complex, involving intentionally stalling a single wing, causing the plane to descend spiraling around its yaw axis in a corkscrew motion.

The aircraft gains speed, and the pilot continues and returns to level flight, travelling in the opposite direction from which the maneuver began.

Most of these can be entered either erect or inverted, flown backwards or have extra rolls added.

Reading the diagrams, a figure begins at the small solid circle and ends at the short vertical line.