[9] Pannier-Runacher was an early supporter of Emmanuel Macron during the 2017 French presidential election and is a member of the La République En Marche!

[17] Early in her tenure, Pannier-Runacher oversaw the 2.8 billion euros auction of 5G frequencies conducted by French regulator ARCEP in October 2020.

[18] During the COVID-19 pandemic in France, Pannier-Runacher was put in charge of organizing and reinforcing the production and supply of materials for health care personnel and institutions, such as respirators, personal protective equipment and swabs.

[19] She resisted calls from opposition figures such as Jean-Luc Mélenchon and Marine Le Pen, as well as the General Confederation of Labour to nationalise a factory which manufactured oxygen cylinders located in Gerzat, Puy-de-Dôme.

Her appointed was met with criticism over her lack of experience in the area under the purview of the ministry, as well as her family's ties with Perenco, the second-largest oil-and-gas company in France.

[23][24] In October 2023, Pannier-Runacher participated in the first joint cabinet retreat of the German and French governments in Hamburg, chaired by Chancellor Olaf Scholz and President Emmanuel Macron to settle differences relating to energy, industrial, and defence policies.

The French government claims that the agreement will allow Électricité de France to build the six EPR nuclear reactors that had been announced in February 2022.

[6][32] In 2021, Pannier-Runacher moved to Lens, Pas-de-Calais, into a property rented by Bays from an estate company controlled by heirs of the late Olivier Dassault since 2017.