Aileron roll

When executed properly, there is no appreciable change in altitude and the aircraft exits the maneuver on the same heading as it entered.

In some lower powered general aviation and aerobatic training aircraft, prior to applying aileron input, the pilot must begin the maneuver by trading altitude for airspeed (i.e. diving).

Because full aileron is applied, structural limitations prevent many aircraft from performing the maneuver at very high speeds.

When the wings are vertical, the only lift generated is a small amount from the fuselage, and the aircraft will begin to lose altitude.

Upon completing the roll, the nose will usually be 10 to 30 degrees below the horizon, so the pilot will need to pitch-up to return to level flight.

An aircraft performing an aileron roll will actually fly along a slightly helical path, and a very light, positive g force will be maintained.

Aileron roll
Swift aerobatic glider performing an aileron roll while being towed. The "nose up attitude" necessary to maintain approximately level flight at the shown phase of the maneuver is clearly visible. Note the aileron deflection on the right wing.
Diagram of how an aileron roll is performed in relation to other common rolls