Al-Ittihad is a sole founding member of Syrian Premier League that has never been relegated from the top division since its debut in 1966.

The first major success in the club's history was winning the Syrian Cup in the 1964–65 season, when they beat Barada SC 4–1 in the final.

[citation needed] The last time in this period, the club achieved the league championship in 1993 and 1995, beating long standing rival Al-Karamah.

[12] For the first time in their history, they took part in the AFC Champions League, where they took third place in the group after defeating Pakhtakor and Foolad.

In the same season, the club failed to reach the AFC Champions League play-offs, losing to Al Sadd SC 1–5.

[22] The club also participated in the 2012 AFC Cup, despite not being able to play at home ground, they beat Qadsia 1–0 and drew with Al-Faisaly SC 0–0.

[23] The club had to play the entire 2012–13 season in Damascus due to security reasons arising from the beginning of the Battle of Aleppo.

[24] Due to the security situation, Al-Ittihad also had to withdraw from the 2013 Syrian Cup, for which it was threatened with a two-year ban from participating in domestic competitions, but it finally received an exemption from the federation.

On 28 January 2017, Al-Ahli finally returned to Aleppo, defeating Hurriya SC 2–1 in a derby match at Ri'ayet al-Shabab Stadium.

[30] Financially and infrastructurally stabilized Al-Ittihad finished in second place in the 2017–18 season, after losing a tie-breaker to Al-Jaish with whom they were level on points.

Therefore, due to the negative results, the club management gradually dismissed the coaches Ahmad Hawash and Artur Bernardes.

A new Croatian coach, Igor Tkalčević, came in their place, but the results of the football team did not improve, as they were only playing for survival in the league until the spring of 2022.

[35] In the same 2021–22 season, Al-Ahli achieved historic success, after defeating Al-Hurriya and Al-Jaish, the team reached the final of the Syrian Cup, beating Al-Wathba SC 4–3 on penalties.

[citation needed] Al-Ittihad are rivals with fellow Aleppine clubs Hurriya, Al-Jalaa, Al-Herafyeen, Ouroube and Al-Yarmouk.

Therefore, the club is nicknamed The Red Castle by the fans as a reference to the city's main landmark; the Citadel of Aleppo.