ʿAbd al-Raḥīm ibn ʿUmar ibn Abī Bakr Jamāl al-Dīn al-Dimashqī, commonly known as al-Jawbarī (Arabic: الجوبري; fl.
619/1222[1]), was a medieval Syrian Arab author and scholar known for his denunciation of alchemy.
[2] Born in Jawbar, Syria, Al-Jawbari traveled extensively throughout the Islamic Empire, including visits as far as India.
[3] Al-Jawbari wrote his Kitāb al-mukhtār fī kashf al-asrār (Book of Selected Disclosure of Secrets), exposing the fraudulence he had seen practiced by alchemists and money changers.
[4] Among others, he wrote of "the people of al-Kimya (alchemists) who know three hundred ways of making dupes".