Al-Muntafiq

In 1521, they successfully occupied al-Ahsa and al-Qatif (eastern Saudi Arabia today) on the Ottomans' behalf, before being expelled by Banu Khalid.

During the Ottoman era, most of the tribe settled into sedentary life and took up agriculture in southern and western Iraq.

During the Ottoman era, from the late eighteenth century onwards, al-Muntafiq converted to Shia Islam.

Formerly those who were sedentary or herders of small animals such as sheep and goat, rather than camels, were consequently less mobile and less competent as a fighting force compared to the camel-herding tribes of inner Arabia.

After many decades of sedentarization, the tribal bond has weakened and the leadership of the Al Saadun is largely nominal.

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Map of the Ottoman Empire and the Vilayet of Basra in Red, which was under direct rule of the Sadoon Tribe
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Ottoman depictions of the Vilayet of Basra, early 20th century