He resigned after only three months, citing economic policy differences with Alain Juppé.

[2] He was a member of the National Assembly from 1978 to 2007 as representative for Ille-et-Vilaine's fourth constituency.

[3] Madelin unsuccessfully ran in 1996 for president of the Union for French Democracy (UDF), and was defeated by François Léotard.

He was elected as leader of the Parti Républicain, a part of the UDF coalition, which he renamed Démocratie Libérale.

Madelin's obtained slightly less than 4% of the vote in the 2002 presidential election and merged his party into the UMP.

[4] After 2002, although his former supporter Jean-Pierre Raffarin became Prime minister, and as a result of the end of Démocratie Libérale, Madelin's influence in French national politics dwindled.