[2] On July 17, 1849, the Alamance County Commissioners voted to spend $8,000 to construct a courthouse in a 75-acre (300,000 m2) area located approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) south of the Providence Church.

[5] One of the only remaining pieces of the old courthouse is the 400 lb (180 kg) bell from the cupola, which currently resides at Sesquicentennial Park in Graham.

The park was established in 1994 to celebrate the 150th anniversary of Alamance County and resides in the northwest corner of the city's Courthouse Square.

The courthouse bell is the centerpiece of the park, which includes planters with vegetation, benches, and a metal framework over a red brick courtyard.

[6] The current Alamance County Courthouse that sits on the National Register of Historic Places, began construction in 1923 and was opened to the public on November 23, 1924, at a cost of $253,925.82.

[7] The courthouse was built in the Classical Revival style and features terracotta stonework, dental tooth molding, and metal-masonry floors.

The original sheriff's office is located in the southwestern 1st floor corner of the building, which features metal-framed shatter-resistant windows.

The north and south entrances to the courthouse have stairs that reach to the first floor of the courthouse, each entrance featuring six Corinthian-style columns rising from the steps external steps to the tops of the courtroom windows, with each column featuring bird control spikes.

Between August 2010 and September 2011, the courthouse underwent a $3 million renovation to repair massive water damage, prevent future water damage, improve access to cramped spaces, improve overall safety, and restore the interior of the courthouse to its 1923 appearance as much as possible.

Additionally, building environmental controls were improved to reduce future damage and provide a more comfortable workspace.

[12] The Courthouse Annex was renovated in late 2009 and early 2010 and reopened in April 2010 as the Civil Courts Building.