Alba Calderón de Gil (July 27, 1908 – 1992) was an Ecuadorian social realist painter, leftist activist, and feminist.

In 1933 Alba Calderón was introduced to the novelist Enrique Gil Gilbert of the "Guayaquil Group" by Demetrio Aguilera Malta.

Gil Gilbert's best friend and fellow social realist writer Joaquín Gallegos Lara was the best man at the ceremony.

Her husband Gil Gilbert, who was a high-ranking member of the communist party, was imprisoned for 15 months, and her son Enrique and his family had to go into hiding.

Alba Calderón was a social realist artist whose artwork includes paintings, watercolors, drawings and sketches that are usually characterized by the portrayal of everyday conditions of the working classes and the poor of Ecuador.