[2] He was on the editorial boards of six surgical journals, and worked as professor and chairman of the Department of Neurological Surgery at the University of Florida.
[10] Rhoton earned his Bachelor Degree in social work, before entering a premedical program at the Ohio State University.
[13] At the University of Florida, Rhoton Jr. built the world's largest collection of three-dimensional images of the brain, used internationally by neurosurgeons.
[4] In 2003, through Neurosurgery,[14] he published the world's best selling neurosurgical textbook, Cranial Anatomy and Surgical Approaches, which serves as a guide for neurosurgeons.
[2] He is internationally recognized as the "father of microscopic neurosurgery" for his neuroanatomical studies, which provided the anatomic basis for the development of modern neurosurgical techniques and revolutionized surgical approaches to many neurological disorders, including those for acoustic neuromas and skull base tumors.
[16][8] Such tools in use worldwide include the Rhoton Micro Dissectors designed for delicate work in the treatment of brain aneurysms and tumor resection.
He served as the honored guest or was elected to honorary membership in more than 20 neurosurgical societies throughout Africa, Asia, Australia, Europe, and North and South America.