Born in Kraków, Sulkowski was a favourite protégé of king Augustus III of Poland and acted as his Minister of State in Saxony from 1733 to 1738.

He was created a Count of the Holy Roman Empire in 1733, and elevated to the rank of Prince of Bielsko by Empress Maria Theresa of Austria in 1754.

On 31 October 1728, Sulkowski married Baroness Marie Franciszka von Stain zu Jettingen (2 February 1712 – 16 November 1741).

In 1752,[1][2] he purchased the Sułkowski Castle in Bielsko-Biała (in Cieszyn Silesia) and its surroundings together with goods for 600,000 florins[1] from Jan Sunnegh.

Sulkowski commissioned a large and exquisite Meissen porcelain service, made between 1735 and 1738 by famed sculptor Johann Joachim Kändler.