Aleksandr (Oleksandr) Ilyich Akhiezer (Ukrainian: Олекса́ндр Іллі́ч Ахіє́зер, Russian: Алекса́ндр Ильи́ч Ахие́зер; 18 (31) October 1911 – May 4, 2000) was a Soviet and Ukrainian theoretical physicist, known for contributions to numerous branches of theoretical physics, including quantum electrodynamics, nuclear physics, solid state physics, quantum field theory, and the theory of plasma.
Akhiezer was born in Cherykaw, Russian Empire in what is now Mogilev Region, Belarus.
With Isaak Pomeranchuk and under the supervision of Lev Landau, he studied light-light scattering and was awarded a Ph.D. in 1936.
A treatise on wave absorption in modulated quasiparticles gave him a habilitation degree in 1941 and title of full professor.
With Cyril Sinelnikov and Anton K. Valter he founded the faculty of physics and technology at University of Kharkiv.